species (taxonomic group) per site database including environmental information
specify:
Life-history (age, growth, migration, spawning)
data type:
point data/observation data, descriptive data
short description of the dataset/summary:
The dataset contains individual data for almost 8,000 brown trout (Salmo trutta L., 1758) captured during their spawning migration from Lake Mjøsa to the main tributary River Gudbrandsdalslågen in Norway during the period 1966 to 2005. These individuals belong to the large-sized piscivorous population of brown trout named Hunderørret (Hunder brown trout). A majority of these trout spawn upstream the waterfall Hunderfossen. Ascending this large waterfall, the migration length and characteristics of the spawning areas, are probably selection drivers for the large body sizes this population achieves compared to any other populations of piscivorous brown trout spawning in other rivers draining to Lake Mjøsa.
A hydropower dam was established at Hunderfossen between 1961 and 1964, causing a migration barrier for the Hunder brown trout. A fish ladder was also built, making the ascent possible from 1966, but not without negative effects (Aass 1990). The functionality seems to vary due to water temperature and water flow (Jensen & Aass 1995). The body size seems to affect the success of both entering and ascending the ladder. Additionally, the dam reduced survival of both smolt and kelt, due to predation in the dammed area and turbine passage mortality during downstream migration. The damming also reduced the areas of productive fish habitats in the river both upstream and downstream the dam (Aass et al. 1989).
When the fish ladder was opened, allowing the spawners to pass the dam, a capture-mark-recapture program was initiated. Trap capture, individual measurements, tagging, scale sampling and registration of recaptured repeated spawners in the fish ladder, were then implemented in a monitoring program. All spawners caught in the trap were individually measured and tagged with numbered Carlin tags (Carlin 1955).
To abate the reduced natural production of Hunder brown trout in the regulated river, a stocking program was initiated during the mid-1960s. The stocked fish are mainly released as 2-years old both in the river and directly into the lake (15,000-20,000 individuals per year). The stocked fish also returns to the river on spawning runs as mature adults. This long-time data series has been continued more or less unchanged until it was terminated in 2016. All stocked brown trout were tagged by cutting the adipose fin prior to release. To evaluate and optimize the stocking strategy, a large number of stocked smolt individuals were also tagged. Hence more than 30,000 individuals (both wild and stocked, spawners and smolts) have been marked individually with Carlin tags before release both upstream and downstream the Hunderfossen dam during 1966-2015. For a subset of these fish, approximately 8,000 individuals who climbed the fish ladder between 1966 and 2005, information on age, growth, time of migration and spawning history has been obtained from schlerochronological analysis of the sampled scales. This data has also been used to back-calculate yearly growth and to identify important life-history information such as hatching year, growth in river, age and size at smoltification, growth in lake, age and size at sexual maturation, and number of spawning events (e.g. Haugen et al. 2008).
Based on the 1966-2005 data the Hunder brown trout typically spend their first three to five years as parr in the river before migrating downstream to Lake Mjøsa (corresponding to smoltification and seaward migration in anadromous salmon and trout). In the lake they typically prey on fish for two to four years before maturation and migration back to the river to spawn. The Hunder brown trout typically perform biennial spawning runs and average age at first spawning run is ca. 7 years. Average size at first spawning run is ca. 3.5 kg and 65 cm. The Hunder brown trout seem to have a potential maximum life span of 15-20 years and a potential maximum size of 15-20 kg and >100 cm. However, less than 10% of the spawners reach age above 10 years, and less than 1% of the spawners reach weight above 10 kg.
Do you plan to publish the data on the Freshwater Biodiversity Data Portal:
no
update level:
update planned
others/details:
The life-history data are obtained from fish scale samples during 1966-2005. A large amount of additional scales have been sampled and stored, but not yet analysed (2006-2015).
documentation:
type:
internal description
others/details:
More information is also available in various reports (in Norwegian).
language:
English
contact details:
metadata contact person:
first, last name:
Atle
Rustadbakken
phone:
+47 91639398
email:
atle@rustadbakken.no
institution:
The Environment Agency, County Governor of Hedmark
The Environment Agency, County Governor of Hedmark
data contributors to/owners of this dataset:
multiple
number:
2
data contributor/owner 1
contact name:
contact orcid:
contact position:
contact email:
atle@rustadbakken.no
contact institute:
County Governor of Hedmark
contact country:
criteria for using this part of the dataset:
The dataset needs to be requested from dataset creator with specific conditions of use.
comments:
The Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) by Jannicke Moe has been given the administrator rights for a period of five years (2016-2020) with option for prolongation.
data contributor/owner 2
contact name:
contact orcid:
contact position:
contact email:
per.aass@nhm.uio.no
contact institute:
University of Oslo
contact country:
criteria for using this part of the dataset:
The dataset needs to be requested from dataset creator with specific conditions of use.
comments:
As for data contributor/owner 1.
citation of this dataset:
author(s):
Aass, P. & Rustadbakken, A.
title and journal (name, number, pages):
Life-history data on Hunder brown trout (Salmo trutta) from Lake Mjøsa, Norway (dataset)
year:
2017
version (if applicable):
1
citation of the metadata:
author(s):
Aass, P., Rustadbakken, A., Moe, S.J., Lund, E. & Qvenild, T.
title and journal (name, number, pages):
Life-history data on Hunder brown trout (Salmo trutta) from Lake Mjøsa, Norway. Freshwater Metadata Journal 25: 1-11
Africa, North America, South America, Asia, Europe, Oceania
countries:
Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Western Sahara, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Somaliland
North America: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Canada, Cayman Islands, Clipperton Island, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Greenland, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Navassa Island, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States, United States Virgin Islands
South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Falkland Islands, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela
Asia: Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, British Indian Ocean Territory, Brunei, Cambodia, China, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cyprus, Georgia, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Republic of Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Macau, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Palestinian territories, Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor-Leste (East Timor), Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen, Abkhazia, Taiwan, Nagorno-Karabakh, Northern Cyprus, South Ossetia
Europe: Åland Islands, Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Guernsey, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Isle of Man, Italy, Jersey, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Svalbard, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Vatican City, Kosovo, Pridnestrovie (Transnistria)
Oceania: Australia, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Nauru, New Zealand, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu
freshwater ecoregions of the world (FEOW) according to WWF:
Africa:
Albertine Highlands, Amatolo - Winterberg Highlands, Ashanti, Bangweulu - Mweru, Bight Drainages, Cape Fold, Coastal East Africa, Comoros - Mayotte, Cuanza, Cuvette Centrale, Drakensberg - Maloti Highlands, Dry Sahel, Eastern Zimbabwe Highlands, Eburneo, Ethiopian Highlands, Etosha, Fouta - Djalon, Horn of Africa, Inner Niger Delta, Kafue, Kalahari, Karoo, Karstveld Sink Holes, Kasai, Lake Chad, Lake Malawi, Lake Rukwa, Lake Tana, Lake Tanganyika, Lake Turkana, Lake Victoria Basin, Lower Congo, Lower Congo Rapids, Lower Niger - Benue, Lower Nile, Lower Zambezi, Madagascar Eastern Highlands, Madagascar Eastern Lowlands, Mai Ndombe, Malagarasi - Moyowosi, Malebo Pool, Mascarenes, Mediterranean Northwest Africa, Middle Zambezi - Luangwa, Mount Nimba, Mulanje, Namib, Niger Delta, Nile Delta, Northern Eastern Rift, Northern Gulf of Guinea Drainages, Northern Upper Guinea, Northwestern Madagascar, Ogooue - Nyanga - Kouilou - Niari, Okavango, Pangani, S. Tome & Principe - Annobon, Sahara, Sangha, Senegal - Gambia, Seychelles, Shebelle - Juba, Southern Eastern Rift, Southern Gulf of Guinea Drainages - Bioko, Southern Kalahari, Southern Madagascar, Southern Temperate Highveld, Southern Upper Guinea, Sudanic Congo - Oubangi, Tana, Athi & Coastal Drainages, Tumba, Uele, Upper Congo, Upper Congo Rapids, Upper Lualaba, Upper Niger, Upper Nile, Upper Zambezi Floodplains, Volta, Western Equatorial Crater Lakes, Western Madagascar, Western Orange, Western Red Sea Drainages, Zambezian Headwaters, Zambezian Highveld, Zambezian Lowveld
North America:
Alaska & Canada Pacific Coastal, Alaskan Coastal, Ameca - Manantlan, Apalachicola, Appalachian Piedmont, Bahama Archipelago, Bermuda, Bonneville, Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Canadian Atlantic Islands, Central Arctic Coastal, Central Prairie, Chagres, Chesapeake Bay, Chiapas - Fonseca, Chiriqui, Coatzacoalcos, Cocos Island (Costa Rica), Colorado, Columbia Glaciated, Columbia Unglaciated, Cuatro Cienegas, Cuba - Cayman Islands, Cumberland, Death Valley, East Texas Gulf, Eastern Hudson Bay - Ungava, English - Winnipeg Lakes, Estero Real - Tempisque, Florida Peninsula, Gila, Grijalva - Usumacinta, Gulf of St.Lawrence Coastal Drainages, Guzman - Samalayuca, Hispaniola, Isthmus Caribbean, Jamaica, Lahontan, Laurentian Great Lakes, Lerma - Chapala, Llanos El Salado, Lower Mackenzie, Lower Mississippi, Lower Rio Grande - Bravo, Mayran - Viesca, Middle Missouri, Middle Saskatchewan, Mobile Bay, Mosquitia, Northeast US & Southeast Canada Atlantic Drainages, Oregon & Northern California Coastal, Oregon Lakes, Ouachita Highlands, Ozark Highlands, Panuco, Papaloapan, Pecos, Puerto Rico - Virgin Islands, Quintana Roo - Motagua, Rio Balsas, Rio Conchos, Rio Salado, Rio San Juan (Mexico), Rio Santiago, Rio Tuira, Sabine - Galveston, Sacramento - San Joaquin, San Juan (Nicaragua/Costa Rica), Santa Maria, Scotia - Fundy, Sierra Madre del Sur, Sinaloa, Sonora, Southern California Coastal - Baja California, Southern Hudson Bay, St.Lawrence, Teays - Old Ohio, Tennessee, Upper Mackenzie, Upper Mississippi, Upper Missouri, Upper Rio Grande - Bravo, Upper Saskatchewan, Upper Snake, Upper Usumacinta, Upper Yukon, US Southern Plains, Vegas - Virgin, West Florida Gulf, West Texas Gulf, Western Hudson Bay, Windward & Leeward Islands, Yucatan
South America:
Amazonas Estuary & Coastal Drainages, Amazonas Guiana Shield, Amazonas High Andes, Amazonas Lowlands, Atacama, Bonaerensean Drainages, Central Andean Pacific Slopes, Chaco, Cuyan - Desaguadero, Essequibo, Fluminense, Galapagos Islands, Guapore - Itenez, Guianas, Iguassu, Juan Fernandez Island, Laguna dos Patos, Lower Parana, Lower Uruguay, Madeira Brazilian Shield, Magdalena - Sinu, Mamore - Madre de Dios Piedmont, Mar Chiquita - Salinas Grandes, Maracaibo, North Andean Pacific Slopes - Rio Atrato, Northeastern Caatinga & Coastal Drainages, Northeastern Mata Atlantica, Orinoco Delta & Coastal Drainages, Orinoco Guiana Shield, Orinoco High Andes, Orinoco Llanos, Orinoco Piedmont, Paraguay, Paraiba do Sul, Parnaiba, Patagonia, Ribeira de Iguape, Rio Negro, S. Francisco, South America Caribbean Drainages - Trinidad, South Andean Pacific Slopes, Southeastern Mata Atlantica, Tapajos - Juruena, Titicaca, Tocantins - Araguaia, Tramandai - Mampituba, Ucayali - Urubamba Piedmont, Upper Parana, Upper Uruguay, Valdivian Lakes, Western Amazon Piedmont, Xingu
Asia:
Aceh, Anadyr, Andaman Islands, Aral Sea Drainages, Argun, Balkash - Alakul, Baluchistan, Biwa Ko, Borneo Highlands, Central & Eastern Java, Chao Phraya, Chin Hills - Arakan Coast, Chuya, Coastal Amur, Coastal Fujian - Zeijang, Dzungaria, East Chukotka, Eastern Borneo, Eastern Gulf of Thailand Drainages, Eastern Taiwan, Eastern Yellow Sea Drainages, Er Hai, Ganges Delta & Plain, Ganges Himalayan Foothills, Hainan, Hamgyong - Sanmaek, Helmand - Sistan, Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu, Huang He Great Bend, Indian Ocean Slope of Sumatra & Java, Indus Himalayan Foothills, Inle Lake, Inner Mongolia Endorheic Basins, Irgyz -Turgai, Kamchatka & Northern Kurils, Kapuas, Khorat Plateau (Mekong), Kolyma, Koryakia, Kratie - Stung Treng (Mekong), Lake Baikal, Lake Issyk Kul - Upper Chu, Lake Lanao, Lake Poso, Lena, Lesser Sunda Islands, Liao He, Lower & Middle Indus, Lower & Middle Salween, Lower & Middle Syr Darya, Lower Amur, Lower Huang He, Lower Lancang (Mekong), Lower Yangtze, Mae Khlong, Malay Peninsula Eastern Slope, Malili Lakes, Malukku, Mekong Delta, Middle Amu Darya, Middle Amur, Middle Brahmaputra, Middle Yangtze, Mindanao, Namuda - Tapi, Nicobar Islands, Northeastern Borneo, Northern Annam, Northern Central Asian Highlands, Northern Central Sumatra - Western Malaysia, Northern Deccan Plateau, Northern Philippine Islands, Northwestern Borneo, Ob, Okhotsk Coast, Palawan - Busuanga - Mindoro, Qaidan, Sakhalin, Hokkaido, & Sikhote - Alin Coast, Shilka (Amur), Sitang - Irawaddy, Song Hong, Songhua Jiang, Southeastern Borneo, Southeastern Ghats, Southeastern Korean Peninsula, Southern Annam, Southern Central Sumatra, Southern Deccan Plateau, Southern Sumatra - Western Java, Sri Lanka Dry Zone, Sri Lanka Wet Zone, Sulawesi, Taimyr, Tarim, Tibetan Plateau Endorheic Drainages, Upper Amu Darya, Upper Brahmaputra, Upper Huang He, Upper Huang He Corridor, Upper Indus, Upper Irtysh, Upper Lancang (Mekong), Upper Salween, Upper Yangtze, Western Ghats, Western Mongolia, Western Taiwan, Xi Yiang, Yaghistan, Yenisei, Yunnan Lakes
Europe:
Aegean Drainages, Arabian Interior, Atlantic Northwest Africa, Barents Sea Drainages, Cantabric Coast - Languedoc, Caspian Highlands, Caspian Marine, Central & Western Europe, Central Anatolia, Coastal Levant, Crimea Peninsula, Dalmatia, Dnieper - South Bug, Dniester - Lower Danube, Don, Eastern Iberia, Esfahan, Gulf of Venice Drainages, Iceland - Jan Mayen, Ionian Drainages, Italian Peninsula & Islands, Jordan River, Kavir & Lut Deserts, Kuban, Kura - South Caspian Drainages, Lake Onega - Lake Ladoga, Lake Van, Lower Tigris & Euphrates, Namak, Northern Anatolia, Northern Baltic Drainages, Northern British Isles, Northern Hormuz Drainages, Norwegian Sea Drainages, Oman Mountains, Orontes, Orumiyeh, Sinai, Southeastern Adriatic Drainages, Southern Anatolia, Southern Baltic Lowlands, Southern Iberia, Southwestern Arabian Coast, Thrace, Turan Plain, Upper Danube, Upper Tigris & Euphrates, Vardar, Volga - Ural, Volga Delta - Northern Caspian Drainages, Western Anatolia, Western Caspian Drainages, Western Iberia, Western Transcaucasia
Iberic-Macaronesian Region (ER1), Pyrenees (ER2), Italy, Corsica and Malta (ER3), Alps (ER4), Dinaric Western Balkan (ER5), Hellenic Western Balkan (ER6), Eastern Balkan (ER7), Western Highlands (ER8), Central Highlands (ER9), The Carpathians (ER10), Hungarian Lowlands (ER11), Pontic Province (ER12), Western Plains (ER13), Central Plains (ER14), Baltic Province (ER15), Eastern Plains (ER16), Ireland and Northern Ireland (ER17), Great Britain (ER18), Iceland (ER19), Borealic Uplands (ER20), Tundra (ER21), Fenno-Scandian Shield (ER22), Taiga (ER23), The Caucasus (ER24), Caspic Depression (ER25), North Africa (ERX), Middle East (ERY)
ecosystem type:
rivers, lakes/ponds, wetlands, groundwater, general freshwater, coastal areas
Were any quality control procedures applied to your dataset?
no
comments:
The authors have contributed as follows:
Per Aass initiated this important monitoring program when the dam was constructed, and was in charge of the tagging of fish in the fish ladder for several years. Tore Qvenild has supported with computer assistance, digitizing and establishing the first version of the database and early stage analysis of these data. Atle Rustadbakken has been responsible for data cleaning and data compilation. He has also worked closely together with P. Aass on the age and growth analyses of the scales from thousands of trout. Espen Lund has also been involved in the data cleaning process, developing digital documentation, the analysis process and reading growth structures from fish together with A. Rustadbakken. Jannicke Moe has been responsible for constructing a relational database structure in Microsoft Access, importing the data from various Microsoft Excel files, and exporting data for sharing with other researchers.
